Laravel DB Structure Migration

April 25, 2025 · AI Conversations

User
Please create db structure migration and relations in laravel based on below description
surveys table
id,name
pillers
id,survey_id,title,postition,weight,language
questions
id,piller_id,title,language

title based on language

Assistant
Here’s how you can define the **Laravel migration structure and model relationships** based on your description:

—

## 🗃️ **Database Structure (Migrations)**

### 1. `surveys` Table

Schema::create('surveys', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->string('name');
    $table->timestamps();
});

—

### 2. `pillars` Table

Schema::create('pillars', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('survey_id')->constrained('surveys')->onDelete('cascade');
    $table->string('title');
    $table->integer('position')->default(0);
    $table->float('weight')->default(1.0);
    $table->string('language', 5); // ISO like 'en', 'de'
    $table->timestamps();
});

—

### 3. `questions` Table

Schema::create('questions', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('pillar_id')->constrained('pillars')->onDelete('cascade');
    $table->string('title');
    $table->string('language', 5);
    $table->timestamps();
});

—

## 🔗 **Model Relationships**

### Survey Model

class Survey extends Model
{
    public function pillars()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Pillar::class);
    }
}

—

### Pillar Model

class Pillar extends Model
{
    public function survey()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Survey::class);
    }

    public function questions()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Question::class);
    }
}

—

### Question Model

class Question extends Model
{
    public function pillar()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Pillar::class);
    }
}

—

## 🌐 Language-Specific Title Usage

You can filter pillars or questions by language like this:

$survey->pillars()->where('language', app()->getLocale())->get();

If you plan to have multilingual titles for the same record, consider using a translations table instead. Let me know if you want that multilingual setup via `pillar_translations` and `question_translations`.

Would you like seeders or factories for this too?

User
okay then how to store en,de titles in pillers
Assistant
Great! To store both English (`en`) and German (`de`) titles for each **pillar**, the best approach is to create a **`pillar_translations`** table and use **Laravel relationships** to handle multilingual content cleanly.

—

## ✅ **Updated Schema: Multilingual Pillars**

### 1. `pillars` Table (no more title/language fields here)

Schema::create('pillars', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('survey_id')->constrained('surveys')->onDelete('cascade');
    $table->integer('position')->default(0);
    $table->float('weight')->default(1.0);
    $table->timestamps();
});

—

### 2. `pillar_translations` Table

Schema::create('pillar_translations', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('pillar_id')->constrained('pillars')->onDelete('cascade');
    $table->string('language', 5); // 'en', 'de'
    $table->string('title');
    $table->timestamps();

    $table->unique(['pillar_id', 'language']);
});

—

## 🔗 **Model Relationships**

### Pillar Model

class Pillar extends Model
{
    public function translations()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(PillarTranslation::class);
    }

    public function translation($locale = null)
    {
        $locale = $locale ?: app()->getLocale();
        return $this->translations->where('language', $locale)->first();
    }
}

—

### PillarTranslation Model

class PillarTranslation extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['pillar_id', 'language', 'title'];

    public function pillar()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Pillar::class);
    }
}

—

## 🧠 **Usage Example**

$pillar = Pillar::with('translations')->find(1);

// Get current locale title
$title = $pillar->translation()?->title;

// Or explicitly get English title
$enTitle = $pillar->translations->where('language', 'en')->first()?->title;

—

Let me know if you'd like the same translation pattern applied to `questions` as well!

User
same for question
Assistant
Perfect! Let's apply the **same translation structure** to the `questions` table for multilingual support (`en`, `de`, etc.).

—

## ✅ **Updated Schema: Questions with Translations**

### 1. `questions` Table (no `title` or `language` here now)

Schema::create('questions', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('pillar_id')->constrained('pillars')->onDelete('cascade');
    $table->timestamps();
});

—

### 2. `question_translations` Table

Schema::create('question_translations', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('question_id')->constrained('questions')->onDelete('cascade');
    $table->string('language', 5); // e.g. 'en', 'de'
    $table->string('title');
    $table->timestamps();

    $table->unique(['question_id', 'language']);
});

—

## 🔗 **Model Relationships**

### Question Model

class Question extends Model
{
    public function translations()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(QuestionTranslation::class);
    }

    public function translation($locale = null)
    {
        $locale = $locale ?: app()->getLocale();
        return $this->translations->where('language', $locale)->first();
    }

    public function pillar()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Pillar::class);
    }
}

—

### QuestionTranslation Model

class QuestionTranslation extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['question_id', 'language', 'title'];

    public function question()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Question::class);
    }
}

—

## 🧠 **Usage Example**

$question = Question::with('translations')->find(1);

// Get title based on current app locale
$title = $question->translation()?->title;

// Or get German title
$deTitle = $question->translations->where('language', 'de')->first()?->title;

—

Let me know if you want to include fallback logic (e.g., return English if selected language isn't available), seeders, or a simple Blade helper to cleanly display multilingual fields.

User
INFO Running migrations.

2025_04_05_103123_create_surveys_table ……………………. 7.24ms DONE
2025_04_05_103206_create_questions_table ………………….. 7.01ms FAIL

IlluminateDatabaseQueryException

SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table `***_salesiqnew`.`questions` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed") (Connection: mysql, SQL: alter table `questions` add constraint `questions_pillar_id_foreign` foreign key (`pillar_id`) references `pillars` (`id`) on delete cascade)

Assistant
This error means that the foreign key on the `questions` table is trying to reference the `pillars` table **before it's created**, or that the column definitions are mismatched.

Let’s troubleshoot and fix it step-by-step.

—

## ✅ 1. **Ensure Correct Migration Order**

Make sure `pillars` table migration runs **before** `questions`. Your error shows:

– `create_surveys_table` → ✅ DONE
– `create_questions_table` → ❌ FAILED
– But `create_pillars_table` is missing — it **must be created before `questions`**.

### ✅ Solution:
Check that your filename for `pillars` migration comes **before** `questions` alphabetically and chronologically:

2025_04_05_103200_create_pillars_table.php
2025_04_05_103206_create_questions_table.php

If it's missing, create it now:

php artisan make:migration create_pillars_table

—

## ✅ 2. **Make Sure `pillar_id` Column Matches `pillars.id`**

Both must be `unsignedBigInteger` (default with `foreignId()` in Laravel 8+).

// in create_pillars_table.php
$table->id(); // creates UNSIGNED BIGINT

// in create_questions_table.php
$table->foreignId('pillar_id')->constrained('pillars')->onDelete('cascade');

If you're manually defining columns, it must be:

$table->unsignedBigInteger('pillar_id');
$table->foreign('pillar_id')->references('id')->on('pillars')->onDelete('cascade');

—

## ✅ 3. **Ensure No Typos in Table Names**

Make sure table name is `pillars`, not `pillers` — common typo based on your earlier message.

—

## ✅ 4. **Drop & Re-run (if necessary)**

After fixing the order or foreign key issue:

php artisan migrate:reset
php artisan migrate

If using existing data, use `migrate:fresh` **with caution** (it wipes data):

php artisan migrate:fresh --seed

—

Let me know if you'd like me to validate the full set of all 4 migrations in correct order and structure.

User
create proejcts seeder and fill data
Assistant
Sure! Here's how to create a **ProjectsSeeder** and populate the `surveys` table with sample data.

—

## ✅ Step 1: Create Seeder

Run this in your terminal:

php artisan make:seeder ProjectsSeeder

—

## ✅ Step 2: Edit the Seeder

In `database/seeders/ProjectsSeeder.php`:

use IlluminateDatabaseSeeder;
use AppModelsSurvey;

class ProjectsSeeder extends Seeder
{
    public function run(): void
    {
        Survey::truncate(); // Optional: clears old data

        Survey::insert([
            ['name' => 'Customer Feedback Survey', 'created_at' => now(), 'updated_at' => now()],
            ['name' => 'Employee Satisfaction Survey', 'created_at' => now(), 'updated_at' => now()],
            ['name' => 'Product Improvement Survey', 'created_at' => now(), 'updated_at' => now()],
            ['name' => 'Market Research Survey', 'created_at' => now(), 'updated_at' => now()],
        ]);
    }
}

> ✅ You can change the names as per your use case.

—

## ✅ Step 3: Register Seeder in DatabaseSeeder

Open `database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php` and add:

public function run(): void
{
    $this->call(ProjectsSeeder::class);
}

—

## ✅ Step 4: Run the Seeder

Now run:

php artisan db:seed

Or if using fresh DB:

php artisan migrate:fresh --seed

—

Let me know if you want dummy **pillar/question** data seeded for each survey too.

User
Assistant
Sure! Here's an improved version of your `ProjectSeeder` that inserts **multiple rows** with **meaningful random texts** instead of unreadable `Str::random()` gibberish.

—

## ✅ Updated `ProjectSeeder.php`

<?php

namespace DatabaseSeeders;

use IlluminateDatabaseSeeder;
use IlluminateSupportFacadesDB;

class ProjectSeeder extends Seeder
{
    public function run(): void
    {
        $projects = [
            [
                'name' => 'Website Redesign',
                'description' => 'Revamp the corporate website with modern UI and better UX.',
                'user_id' => 9
            ],
            [
                'name' => 'Mobile App Launch',
                'description' => 'Develop and deploy the new mobile application for both iOS and Android platforms.',
                'user_id' => 9
            ],
            [
                'name' => 'Marketing Campaign Q2',
                'description' => 'Launch digital marketing campaigns across Google Ads, Facebook, and LinkedIn.',
                'user_id' => 9
            ],
            [
                'name' => 'Client Feedback System',
                'description' => 'Build a feedback collection system for client satisfaction surveys.',
                'user_id' => 9
            ],
            [
                'name' => 'Internal Tool Migration',
                'description' => 'Migrate internal tools to the new cloud infrastructure for better scalability.',
                'user_id' => 9
            ],
        ];

        DB::table('projects')->insert($projects);
    }
}

—

## 🏃 To Run Seeder

If not already linked in `DatabaseSeeder`, add this line there:

$this->call(ProjectSeeder::class);

Then run:

php artisan db:seed

Let me know if you want each project to have auto-generated related tasks or survey entries too.

User
namespace AppHttpResources;

use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use IlluminateHttpResourcesJsonResourceCollection;

class ProjectCollection extends ResourceCollection
{
/**
* Transform the resource collection into an array.
*
* @return array
*/
public function toArray(Request $request): array
{
return parent::toArray(
'data' => $this->collection,
'success'=>true,
'message' => __('Projects retrieved successfully.')
);
}
}
message: 'syntax error, unexpected token "=>", expecting ")"

Assistant
You're getting that error because you're incorrectly passing an **associative array** to `parent::toArray()`, which expects only the `$request` parameter.

You need to **override `toArray()`** yourself and return the custom array.

—

## ✅ Corrected `ProjectCollection.php`

namespace AppHttpResources;

use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use IlluminateHttpResourcesJsonResourceCollection;

class ProjectCollection extends ResourceCollection
{
    /**
     * Transform the resource collection into an array.
     *
     * @return array<int|string, mixed>
     */
    public function toArray(Request $request): array
    {
        return [
            'data'    => $this->collection,
            'success' => true,
            'message' => __('Projects retrieved successfully.')
        ];
    }
}

—

Let me know if you want pagination metadata (like `current_page`, `total`, etc.) included as well.

User
still syntax error, unexpected token "=>", expecting ")"
Assistant
Thanks for the clarification — the error message suggests that you're still passing a named array directly to `parent::toArray()`, which is incorrect.

Let me confirm the **correct, clean version** of your `ProjectCollection` with no syntax errors:

—

## ✅ Final Corrected Version

namespace AppHttpResources;

use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use IlluminateHttpResourcesJsonResourceCollection;

class ProjectCollection extends ResourceCollection
{
    /**
     * Transform the resource collection into an array.
     *
     * @return array<int|string, mixed>
     */
    public function toArray(Request $request): array
    {
        return [
            'data'    => $this->collection,
            'success' => true,
            'message' => __('Projects retrieved successfully.'),
        ];
    }
}

—

### ❌ Avoid This (What caused the error):

return parent::toArray(
    'data' => ...
);

This is invalid because `parent::toArray()` only accepts one argument: the `$request`.

—

### ✅ To Include Pagination (Optional):
If you're using pagination and want to include metadata, you can do this:

public function toArray(Request $request): array
{
    return [
        'data'    => $this->collection,
        'meta'    => [
            'current_page' => $this->currentPage(),
            'total'        => $this->total(),
            'per_page'     => $this->perPage(),
        ],
        'success' => true,
        'message' => __('Projects retrieved successfully.'),
    ];
}

Let me know if you'd like a working example of this with pagination response from a controller.

User
{message: 'Call to a member function toDateTimeString() on null', exception: 'Error', file: '/var/www/html/app/Http/Resources/ProjectResource.php', line: 22, trace: Array(49)}
Assistant
The error message:

> **Call to a member function `toDateTimeString()` on null**

means that you're trying to call `toDateTimeString()` on a **null** value — most likely a `date` field (like `created_at`, `updated_at`, or maybe a custom date column) that doesn’t exist or is `null` for some records.

—

### ✅ Example of Problem in `ProjectResource.php`

Suppose you have this in `ProjectResource`:

'created_at' => $this->created_at->toDateTimeString(),

If `created_at` is `null`, you'll get that error.

—

### ✅ How to Fix It

Use the null-safe operator (`?->`) instead of the object operator (`->`):

'created_at' => $this->created_at?->toDateTimeString(),
'updated_at' => $this->updated_at?->toDateTimeString(),

This returns `null` if `created_at` is null, avoiding the fatal error.

—

### 🧠 Optional: Default Fallback Example

If you want to return a default/friendly string:

'created_at' => optional($this->created_at)->toDateTimeString() ?? 'N/A',

or with Carbon default formatting:

'created_at' => $this->created_at?->format('Y-m-d H:i:s') ?? 'Not Set',

—

If you're unsure which field is causing it, share lines 20–25 of your `ProjectResource.php` and I’ll point it out exactly.

User
'Call to a member function toDateTimeString() on null', exception: 'Error', file: '/var/www/html/app/Http/Resources/ProjectResource.php
Assistant
Thanks! Based on the error, you're calling `->toDateTimeString()` on a property (likely `created_at` or `updated_at`) that is `null` in some rows.

—

##

User
Assistant
Thanks for sharing your `ProjectResource`. The issue is exactly here:

'created_at'  => $this->created_at->toDateTimeString(),
'updated_at'  => $this->updated_at->toDateTimeString(),

If `created_at` or `updated_at` is `null` (e.g. from manual seeding or incomplete rows), this will throw:

> `Call to a member function toDateTimeString() on null`

—

## ✅ Fix: Use Null-Safe Operator

Update those two lines to:

'created_at'  => $this->created_at?->toDateTimeString(),
'updated_at'  => $this->updated_at?->toDateTimeString(),

—

### ✅ Optional: Use fallback default value
If you want a fallback string like `'N/A'` when null:

'created_at'  => $this->created_at ? $this->created_at->toDateTimeString() : 'N/A',
'updated_at'  => $this->updated_at ? $this->updated_at->toDateTimeString() : 'N/A',

—

Let me know if you also want to cast dates to a specific format like `Y-m-d` instead.

User
<script>
import { ref } from 'vue';
import { useAuthStore } from '@/stores/auth';
import api from '@/api'
const userStore = useAuthStore()
const name = ref('')
const description = ref('')
const userId = userStore.user.id
interface Project {
    title: string
    description: string
    status: string
}
const projecto = ref<Project>({
    user_id: userId,
    name: '',
    description: '',
    status: 'in-progress'
})
const projectForm = ref()
const submitForm = async () => {
    const { valid } = projectForm.value.validate()
    if (!valid) return
    try {
        loadingStore.setLoading(true)
        const response=await api.post('/projects/store', {
            project
        });
        console.log(response);
    } catch (error) {
        console.error('Project creation failed:', error)
    } finally {
        loadingStore.setLoading(false)
    }
    
}
</script>

Create Project

define and use interface

Assistant
Got it — you're very close!
I'll clean this up for you properly so that:

– You **define** and **use** the `Project` interface.
– You fix the **typo** (`projecto` vs `project` confusion).
– Your form correctly binds to the `project` object based on the interface.

—

# ✅ Corrected Full Code

<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue';
import { useAuthStore } from '@/stores/auth';
import { useLoadingStore } from '@/stores/loading'; // assuming you have loading store
import api from '@/api'

// ✅ Define Project interface
interface Project {
  name: string
  description: string
  status: string
  user_id: number
}

// ✅ Setup Stores
const userStore = useAuthStore()
const loadingStore = useLoadingStore()

// ✅ Project Form Object
const project = ref<Project>({
  name: '',
  description: '',
  status: 'in-progress',
  user_id: userStore.user.id
})

// ✅ Form Ref
const projectForm = ref()

// ✅ Submit Handler
const submitForm = async () => {
  const { valid } = await projectForm.value.validate()
  if (!valid) return

  try {
    loadingStore.setLoading(true)
    const response = await api.post('/projects/store', project.value)
    console.log('Project Created:', response.data)
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Project creation failed:', error)
  } finally {
    loadingStore.setLoading(false)
  }
}
</script>

<template>
  <v-container>
    <v-row>
      <v-col cols="12" md="8" offset-md="2">
        <v-card class="pa-4">
          <v-form ref="projectForm" @submit.prevent="submitForm">
            <v-text-field v-model="project.name" label="Project Name" required></v-text-field>
            <v-text-field v-model="project.description" label="Project Description" required></v-text-field>
            <v-btn type="submit" color="primary" class="mt-4">Create Project</v-btn>
          </v-form>
        </v-card>
      </v-col>
    </v-row>
  </v-container>
</template>

—

# 🔥 Key Corrections
| Your Code | Corrected |
|:—|:—|
| `projecto` (typo) | unified to `project` |
| Interface had wrong fields | added `user_id` in the `Project` interface |
| `api.post('/projects/store', { project })` | send `project.value` directly |
| Validation `const { valid } = projectForm.value.validate()` | added `await` for async validation |

—

# 🧠 Bonus Tip

If your `api` is Axios, `response.data` will contain your backend response.

If you want to reset form after submission:

project.value = {
  name: '',
  description: '',
  status: 'in-progress',
  user_id: userStore.user.id
}

—

Would you also like me to show you how to **add error validation** (e.g. show errors under fields if backend returns 422)? 🚀
It’ll make the UX much better! 🎯

User
<script>
import { ref } from 'vue';
import { useAuthStore } from '@/stores/auth';
import api from '@/api'
const userStore = useAuthStore()
const name = ref('')
const description = ref('')
const userId = userStore?.user?.id
const nameRules = ref([(v) => !!v || 'Name is required'])
const descriptionRules = ref([(v) => !!v || 'Description is required'])
const projectForm = ref()
const submitForm = async () => {
    const { valid } = projectForm.value.validate()
    if (!valid) return
    alert("dasfsa");
    // try {
    //     loadingStore.setLoading(true)
    //     const response=await api.post('/projects/store', {
    //         name: name.value,
    //         description: description.value,
    //         user_id: userId
    //     });
    //     console.log(response);
    // } catch (error) {
    //     console.error('Project creation failed:', error)
    // } finally {
    //     loadingStore.setLoading(false)
    // }
    
}
</script>

Create Project

form submit nothing happens

Assistant
Got it —
The **main issue** is:
`projectForm.value.validate()` is **not awaited** —
and **Vuetify `v-form`'s `validate()`** is **async** in Vuetify 3.

—

# ✅ Here's the Corrected Version:

<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue';
import { useAuthStore } from '@/stores/auth';
import api from '@/api';

// Store
const userStore = useAuthStore()

// Form fields
const name = ref('');
const description = ref('');
const userId = userStore?.user?.id;

// Validation Rules
const nameRules = ref([(v: string) => !!v || 'Name is required']);
const descriptionRules = ref([(v: string) => !!v || 'Description is required']);

// Form reference
const projectForm = ref<any>(null);

// Submit Function
const submitForm = async () => {
    const { valid } = await projectForm.value.validate(); // ✅ Add await
    if (!valid) return;

    alert('Form is valid and ready to submit!');

    // Then you can proceed to submit
    /*
    try {
        const response = await api.post('/projects/store', {
            name: name.value,
            description: description.value,
            user_id: userId
        });
        console.log('Project created:', response.data);
    } catch (error) {
        console.error('Project creation failed:', error);
    }
    */
};
</script>

<template>
  <v-container>
    <v-row>
      <v-col>
        <v-card class="pa-4">
          <v-form ref="projectForm" @submit.prevent="submitForm">
            <v-text-field 
              v-model="name" 
              label="Name" 
              :rules="nameRules"
              required
            />
            <v-text-field 
              v-model="description" 
              label="Description" 
              :rules="descriptionRules"
              required
            />
            <v-btn type="submit" color="primary" class="mt-4">Create Project</v-btn>
          </v-form>
        </v-card>
      </v-col>
    </v-row>
  </v-container>
</template>

—

# 🔥 Key Fixes:
| Problem | Fix |
|:—|:—|
| `projectForm.value.validate()` was missing `await` | ✅ Added `await` because `validate()` returns a Promise |
| No `required` on `v-text-field` | ✅ Added `required` on inputs |
| `ref` type hinting missing for form | ✅ Added `ref(null)` for `projectForm` |

—

# 🧠 Why It Was Not Submitting?
Because without `await`, the `{ valid }` destructuring happens **before validation is finished**, so `valid` was `undefined` → and nothing triggers.

—

Would you also like me to show a little **success toast** after form submit with **Vue Toastification**? 🎉 It looks very clean! 🚀
(Just in case you want a good UX).

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